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1. Introducere în limbajul de programare Java 1
1.1. Ce este Java? 1 1.2. Limbajul de programare Java 1 1.3. Java : un limbaj compilat şi interpretat 3 1.4. Istoria limbajului Java 3 1.5. Mediul Java 4 1.6. Crearea unei aplicaţii simple 4 1.7. Crearea unui applet 5 2. Programarea Orientată pe Obiecte şi Java 7 2.1. Obiecte şi clase 7 2.2. Atribute şi comportamente 8 2.2.1. Atribute 8 2.2.2. Comportament 9 2.3. Principiile OOP 9 3. Elementele de bază ale limbajului de programare Java 11 3.1. Structura lexicală a limbajului 11 3.1.1. Setul de caractere 11 3.1.2. Cuvinte cheie 11 3.1.3. Identificatori 11 3.1.4. Constante 11 3.1.5. Separatori 13 3.1.6. Operatori 13 3.1.7. Comentarii 17 3.2. Tipuri de date 17 3.3. Variabile 18 3.4. Instrucţiuni 20 3.4.1. Instrucţiunea vidă 20 3.4.2. Instrucţiuni de decizie 20 3.4.3. Instrucţiuni repetitive 24 3.5. Tablouri (vectori) 28 3.5.1. Tablouri (vectori) unidimensionale 28 3.5.2. Tablouri (vectori) cu mai multe dimensiuni 30 3.5.3. Dimensiunea unui vector 30 3.5.4. Tablouri cu dimensiuni variabile 32 3.6. Şiruri de caractere 32 4. Clase şi obiecte în Java 34 4.1. Referinţe 34 4.2. Obiecte 35 4.2.1. Noţiuni generale 35 4.2.2. Operatorul de atribuire = 36 4.2.3. Operatorul de egalitate == 37 4.3. Clase 38 4.3.1. Definirea claselor 38 4.3.2. Variabile membru 40 4.3.3. Metode 42 4.3.3.1 Definirea metodelor 42 4.3.3.2 Modificatorii metodelor 42 4.3.3.3 Tipul returnat de o metodă 43 4.3.3.4 Parametrii unei metode 44 4.3.4. Constructorii unei clase 45 4.3.5. Obiectul this 47 4.3.6. Supraîncărcarea şi supradefinirea metodelor 49 4.3.7. Modificatori de acces pentru membrii unei clase 50 4.3.8. Membrii instanţă şi membrii clasă 51 4.3.9. Argumente în linia de comandă 53 4.4. Moştenirea 56 4.4.1. Principiul moştenirii 56 4.4.2. Interfeţe 60 4.5. Probleme 63 5. Pachete 70 5.1. Importul unui pachet, al unei clase sau a unei interfeţe 71 5.2. Crearea unui pachet 72 6. Excepţii 77 6.1. Aspecte generale 77 6.2. Instrucţiunea try 78 6.3. Crearea unei excepţii 80 7. INTRĂRI ŞI IEŞIRI 83 7.1. Clasificarea fluxurilor 84 7.2. Ierarhia claselor pentru lucru cu fluxuri 85 7.2.1. Fluxuri de caractere 85 7.2.2. Fluxuri de octeţi 86 7.3. Superclasele de intrare / ieşire 87 7.4. Crearea unui flux 87 7.5. Citirea datelor de la tastatură 88 7.5.1. Obiectul System.in 88 7.5.2. Clasa InputStreamReader 89 7.5.3. Clasa BufferedReader 90 7.6. Citirea şi scrierea datelor din fişier 91 7.6.1. Clasele FileReader şi FileWriter 91 8. APPLET-URI 92 8.1. Ce este un applet? 92 8.2. Funcţiile unui applet 94 8.3. Structura generală a unui applet 94 8.4. HTML 95 8.5. Exemple 97 9. Interfeţe grafice 103 9.1. Ce este o interfaţă grafică? 103 9.2. Primele aplicaţii Swing 105 9.2.1. Exemple 105 9.2.2. Comentarea exemplelor 106 9.2.2.1 Alegerea naturii interfeţei 106 9.2.2.2 Setarea container-ului principal (din vârful ierarhiei) 107 9.2.2.3 Manipularea evenimentelor 107 9.3. Containere principale 107 9.3.1. Clasa JFrame 108 9.3.2. Ferestre secundare şi clasa JDialog 110 9.3.3. Clasa JWindow 113 9.3.4. Clasa JApplet 114 9.4. Containere intermediare 115 9.5. Folosirea gestionarilor de poziţionare (Layout Manager) 118 9.5.1. Setarea poziţionării (Layout Manager–ului) 119 9.5.1.1 BorderLayout 119 9.5.1.2 BoxLayout 120 9.5.1.3 CardLayout 121 9.5.1.4 FlowLayout 123 9.5.1.5 GridLayout 124 9.5.1.6 GridBagLayout 125 9.6. Tratarea evenimentelor 128 9.6.1. Exemplu de tratare a unui eveniment 130 9.7. Folosirea componentelor 132 9.7.1. Clasa JLabel 132 9.7.2. Clasa JButton 133 9.7.3. Clasa JTextField 133 9.7.4. Clasa JTextArea 133 9.7.5. Clasa JCheckBox 133 9.7.6. Clasa JRadioButton 133 9.7.7. Clasa JComboBox 134 9.7.8. Clasa JList 134 9.7.9. Clasa JScrollBar 134 . Java limbajul de programare java |
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Arhitectura calculatoarelor Numar pagini: 139
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Writings of J.D. Salinger |
| Many critics consider J.D. Salinger a very controversial writer, for the subject matters that he writes.. J.D. Salinger’s works were generally written during two time periods. The first time period was during World War II, and the second time period was during the 1960’s. Critics feel that the works during the 1960 time period were very inappropriate, because of the problems for which he wrote. The main characters were generally misfits of society. In most of his works, he has the protagonist of the story go on a quest for happiness. Salinger does not conform to the material happiness; the characters undergo a spiritual happiness. The characters generally start out as in bad conditions, through the end of his works they undergone changes that change them for the better. . J, d, salinger |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 3
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Winston Churchill |
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Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was born at Blenheim Palace on Nov. 30, 1874. His father was Lord Randolph Churchill, who descended directly from the 1st duke of Marlborough, of whom Winston was to write a biography. His mother was Jennie Jerosme, an American.
Churchill's childhood was unhappy. He spent most of his time at school, something he didn't really love. His teachers caracterized him as bright, but stubborn and obstinate. He loved to read history and poetry, however, and was fascinated by soldiers and battles. From childhood he had an extraordinary memory. Winston Churchhill didn't want to go to university. Instead, he enrolled in the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He graduated in 1894. After service in Cuba and India, he worked as a war-correspondent in Northern India, Sudan and in South Africa, where he was captured by the Boers. His daring escape made him an overnight celebrity. . Winston, churchill |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 3
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The Reign of Terror and the French Revolution |
| History is said to be written by the winners, but is it possible to rewrite history? In a way, the French, like many who have preceded them, and many who will proceed them have done the impossible, rewriting history. From trivial folklore, such as George Washington chopping down a cherry tree, to the incredibly wrong, the African slave trade; people's views of history can be shaped and molded. The French have done a superb job of instilling all of us with the concept that their Revolution was a fight for liberty, justice and the good of all Frenchmen everywhere. Their glorification of the Bastille with it's depictions in painting and sculpture and how the Revolution was the beginning of a new age pales to some of the events during this period. In fact, the storming of the Bastille was merely a hole in the dike, and more would follow. The National Guard, the Paris Commune, the September Massacre, are all words that the French would prefer us not to hear. These events were a subtle dénouement to an climax that was filled with both blood and pain. The Reign of Terror, or the Great Terror, was a massive culmination to the horror of the French Revolution, the gutters flowing with blood as the people of Paris watched with an entertained eye. No matter what the French may claim, if one chooses to open his eyes and read about this tragedy, they are most certainly welcome.. Reign, of, terror, french, revolution |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 8
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How to write a Research Essay |
| The toughest part of the essay, for me, was taking all the information I had gained and reduce it to a mere few pages essay. After all, quality is better than quantity. I feel that if I shortened my essay, it would be weaker because I couldn't include everything that I had researched. This would mean that much of the time I spent and the information I had gathered in my research was going to waste. . Research, essay |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 1
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Miguel de Cervantes |
| Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, born September 29, 1547, was a Spanish novelist, dramatist, and poet. Cervantes was the author of the novel Don Quixote, a masterpiece of world literature that was a great influence to other renaissance writers. Cervantes was born to a poor family in a town called Alcala de Henares. His father was a surgeon who made little money to support the family . Without the means for much formal education, Cervantes became a soldier. On his return to Spain he worked at a series of government jobs that involved extensive travel in Andalucia. (Funk & Wagnalls Encyclopedia) . His career as a public servant was marked by as much misfortune as was his military career. Not till his later years did Cervantes find a patron. It was then that he had the time to devote to his writing.. Miguel, de, cervantes |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 2
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Edgar Allan Poe |
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Edgar Allan Poe was a bizarre and often scary writer. People throughout
history have often wondered why his writings were so fantastically different and unusual. They were not the result of a diseased mind, as some think. Rather they came from a tense and miserable life. Edgar Allan Poe was not a happy man. He was a victim of fate from the moment he was born to his death only forty years later. He died alone and unappreciated. It is quite obvious that his life affected his writings in a great way. In order to understand why, the historical background of Poe must be known. . Edgar, allan, poe |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 3
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Generalitati. Clasificarea fisierelor |
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Fisierul
Înregistrarea Accesul Modul de acces Variabilelor fisier Clasificarea fisierelor Diagrama de sintaxa a tipurilor de fisiere . Generalitati, clasificarea, fisierelor, fisierul, colectie, organizata, informatii, înregistrari, end of file, caracterul, Înregistrarea, câmpuri, date, înregistrari, lungime, fixa, variabila, accesul, indicator, modul de acces, secvential, direct, aleator, variabila, tampon, variabilelor fisier, clasificare, text, carriage return, line feed, binare, cu tip, fara tip, diagrama, sintaxa, deschiderea, proceduri, functii, specifice, închiderea, identificatorul, intern, assign, reset, rewrite, append, close, readln, blockread, write, writeln, blockwrite, seek, read |
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Informatica Numar pagini: 2
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Jerome David Salinger The Catcher In The Rye |
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As a novelist, J.D. Salinger belongs to a distinct group of American writers who began their literary careers during or immediately after the Second World War, the so-called “young novelists” – James Baldwin, William Styron, etc.
The Ctcher in the Rye confirmed and sustained his reputation and gained him a position as one of the most important American writers of the young generation. The book is nevertheless a first-rate novel and one of the most convincing studies of adolescence ever to be written by an American. Salinger is widely seen as a keen students of children. In 1951 he published The Catcher in the Rye – a touching psychological study of adolescence, in which he views the American way of life through the eyes of a teen-age nonconformist, Holden Caulfield, a twentieth century rival of Twain’s Huck Finn. Holden is a person whose defining quality is his inability to behave according to the strict morals and social code of the day. Salinger’s sensitive and defiant school boy defies conventions and remains innocent about them. Holden images himself protecting a group of children happily playing in a rye field, from falling into a nearby precipice: “keep picturing these little kids, playing some game in this big field of rye....Thousands of little kids, and nobody around – nobody big, I mean except me. And I am standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. What I have to do? I have to catch everybody if they start to go over the cliff. I mean – if they are running and they don’t look where they are going. I have to come out from somewhere and catch them. That’s all I do all day. I’d just be the catcher in the rye and all.”............. . Holden, salinger, catcher, in, the, rye, novel |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 2
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Biography on Guy de Maupassant |
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Guy de Maupassant was born on August 5, 1850 at Chateau de Miromesnil in
France. He was a descendent of a very old French family. As a boy, Maupassant went to school at Yvetot in Normandy, and then attended Lycee at Rouen. During his childhood and youth in Normandy, he picked up a great deal of experiences that he later put to use in many of his writings. When Maupassant was eleven years old, his parents got separated. This was probably the most significant events in his life in that his mother retained custody of him. His mother was the sister of a close friend of Flaubert, one of the most famous nineteenth- century writers. She turned to Flaubert for advice on him. Flaubert began tutoring him on various subjects, mainly writing. Maupassant's association with Flaubert brought him into the French literary circles. Even though Maupassant was often a member of gatherings which included such famous writers such as Flaubert, Turgenev, Zola, and Daudet, he had little interest at the time for a career of writing for himself. As an adolescent he was much more interested in sports than writing, especially rowing. . Guy, de, maupassant |
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Engleza Numar pagini: 1
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